peripheral nervous system: The nerves and ganglia outside of the brain and spinal cord.innervate: To supply an organ or other body part with nerves.The vagus nerve (X) has many branches and is responsible for tasks including heart rate, gastrointestinal peristalsis, sweating, and muscle movements in the mouth, including speech and keeping the larynx open for breathing.The twelve cranial nerves, in order from I to XII are: olfactory nerve, optic nerve, oculomotor nerve, trochlear nerve, trigeminal nerve, abducens nerve, facial nerve, vestibulocochlear nerve, glossopharengeal nerve, vagus nerve, spinal accessory nerve, and hypoglossal nerve.The cranial nerves also control balance, hearing, and swallowing. The cranial nerves serve functions such as smell, sight, eye movement, and feeling in the face.
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